“Improving the quality of operation of the equipment in power plants and industrial enterprises by using fast-acting, precision, and energy-saving control systems”

Abstract

The article deals with the creation and improvement of unified, precision high-speed, and
energy-saving equipment control systems for industrial enterprises. The general principle of operation of electrohydraulic tracking systems, the connection between the electronic control device, and the
executive mechanism of the control object are presented. An analysis of the existing construction
principles and schematic solutions of high-precision, high-speed control and regulation systems, as
well as the trends of their prospective development, was performed. It is shown that the most effective
and promising in this regard are mechatronic (particularly electronic-hydraulic) tracking systems. A
unified structure of electrohydraulic tracking systems and the general principles of interaction of its
individual structural elements (subsystems) have been developed. The principles of energy-saving
control of technological objects are shown, and the procedure for creating energy-saving control
systems based on them is outlined. The methods for synthesizing the most effective typical version of
the principle scheme for use in high-speed precision electrohydraulic systems are demonstrated. A
comparative analysis of electric and electrohydraulic mechanisms was performed: their advantages
and disadvantages were considered, and the predominant fields of application were determined. Based
on this analysis, a simple algorithm for the preliminary assessment (without detailed theoretical
analysis) of the advantage of the type of drive for a mechatronic system has been developed. Variants
of the generalized principle diagram of an electrohydraulic converter with open (for translational and
rotary motion drives) and closed (for rotary motion drives) circulation are given. The general
procedure for organizing energy-saving automatic control of an arbitrary technological object is
shown. The generalized functional and structural scheme of the energy-saving control system using
the reference model (state observer) of the control object has been clarified.